Faculty Collaboration Database

Haplotype analysis improves molecular diagnostics of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2005 Jan;45(1):77-87

Date

02/08/2005

Pubmed ID

15696446

DOI

10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.09.009

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-19944419434 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   30 Citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is characterized by wide phenotypic variability, ranging from in utero detection with enlarged, echogenic kidneys to an adult presentation with congenital hepatic fibrosis. The ARPKD gene, PKHD1 , covers about 470 kb of DNA (67 exons), and mutation studies have found marked allelic heterogeneity with a high level of novel missense changes and neutral polymorphisms. To improve the prospects for molecular diagnostics and to study the origin of some relatively common mutations, the authors have developed a strategy for improved ARPKD haplotyping.

METHODS: A protocol of multiplex PCR and fluorescence genotyping in a single capillary has been developed to assay 7 highly informative simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that are intragenic or closely flanking PKHD1.

RESULTS: Examples in which haplotype analysis, used in combination with mutation screening, improved the utility of molecular diagnostics, especially in families in which just a single PKHD1 mutation has been identified, are illustrated. The new markers also allow screening for larger DNA deletions, detecting unknown consanguinity and exploring the disease mechanism. Analysis of 8 recurring mutations has shown likely common haplotypes for each, and the divergence from the ancestral haplotype, by recombination, can be used to trace the history of the mutation. The common mutation, T36M, was found to have a single European origin, about 1,225 years ago.

CONCLUSION: Improved haplotype analysis of ARPKD complements mutation-based diagnostics and helps trace the history of common PKHD1 mutations.

Author List

Consugar MB, Anderson SA, Rossetti S, Pankratz VS, Ward CJ, Torra R, Coto E, El-Youssef M, Kantarci S, Utsch B, Hildebrandt F, Sweeney WE, Avner ED, Torres VE, Cunningham JM, Harris PC

Author

Ellis D. Avner MD Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

3' Flanking Region
5' Flanking Region
Adolescent
Adult
Child
Cohort Studies
DNA, Intergenic
Female
Genetic Markers
Genotype
Haplotypes
Humans
Male
Microsatellite Repeats
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
Mutation
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Receptors, Cell Surface