Antioxidant defense responses to sleep loss and sleep recovery. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2005 Feb;288(2):R374-83
Date
10/09/2004Pubmed ID
15472007DOI
10.1152/ajpregu.00565.2004Scopus ID
2-s2.0-12344316868 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 155 CitationsAbstract
Sleep deprivation in humans is widely believed to impair health, and sleep is thought to have powerful restorative properties. The specific physical and biochemical factors and processes mediating these outcomes, however, are poorly elucidated. Sleep deprivation in the animal model produces a condition that eventually becomes highly lethal, lacks specific localization, and is reversible with sleep, implying mediation by a biochemical abnormality. Metabolic and immunological consequences of sleep deprivation point to a high potential for antioxidant imbalance. The objective, therefore, was to study glutathione content in the liver, heart, and lung, because glutathione is considered a major free radical scavenger that reflects the degree to which a tissue has been oxidatively challenged. We also investigated major enzymatic antioxidants, including catalase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as indexes of glutathione recycling. Catalase activity and glutathione content, which normally are tightly regulated, were both decreased in liver by 23-36% by 5 and 10 days of sleep deprivation. Such levels are associated with impaired health in other animal models of oxidative stress-associated disease. The decreases were accompanied by markers of generalized cell injury and absence of responses by the other enzymatic antioxidants under study. Enzymatic activities in the heart indicated an increased rate of oxidative pentose phosphate pathway activity during sleep deprivation. Recovery sleep normalized antioxidant content in liver and enhanced enzymatic antioxidant activities in both the liver and the heart. The present results link uncompensated oxidative stress to health effects induced by sleep deprivation and provide evidence that restoration of antioxidant balance is a property of recovery sleep.
Author List
Everson CA, Laatsch CD, Hogg NAuthors
Carol A. Everson PhD Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinNeil Hogg PhD Associate Dean, Professor in the Biophysics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Alanine TransaminaseAnimals
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Catalase
Glutathione
Liver
Lung
Male
Myocardium
Oxidative Stress
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Sleep
Sleep Deprivation
gamma-Glutamyltransferase
