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Physical inactivity rapidly induces insulin resistance and microvascular dysfunction in healthy volunteers. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007 Dec;27(12):2650-6

Date

10/13/2007

Pubmed ID

17932315

Pubmed Central ID

PMC2596308

DOI

10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.153288

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-36349029675 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   328 Citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Vascular dysfunction contributes to atherogenesis and has been linked to insulin resistance.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured insulin sensitivity by glucose tolerance test and vascular function by ultrasound and venous occlusion plethysmography in 20 healthy subjects (14 men, 6 women) at baseline and during 5 days of bed rest. Bed rest led to a 67% increase in the insulin response to glucose loading (P<0.001) suggesting increased insulin resistance and produced increases in total cholesterol and triglycerides. Bed rest led to decreased reactive hyperemia in the forearm (1317+/-404 to 1112+/-260 mL/min, P=0.01) and the calf (28.5+/-7.0 to 22.2+/-8.7 mL/min/dL, P=0.003) indicating impaired microvascular function. Bed rest decreased brachial artery diameter and increased systolic blood pressure suggesting increased basal arterial tone. There were no changes in circulating inflammatory markers arguing against systemic inflammation as a mechanism for vascular dysfunction in this setting.

CONCLUSIONS: Physical inactivity was associated with the development of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, increased blood pressure, and impaired microvascular function in healthy volunteers. Our findings may provide insight into the pathogenesis of vascular disease in sedentary individuals and emphasize that even short-term physical inactivity may have adverse metabolic and vascular consequences.

Author List

Hamburg NM, McMackin CJ, Huang AL, Shenouda SM, Widlansky ME, Schulz E, Gokce N, Ruderman NB, Keaney JF Jr, Vita JA

Author

Michael E. Widlansky MD Associate Director, Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin




MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adult
Bed Rest
Blood Glucose
Blood Pressure
Brachial Artery
Case-Control Studies
Cholesterol
Dyslipidemias
Female
Forearm
Glucose Tolerance Test
Humans
Hyperemia
Hypertension
Inflammation Mediators
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
Leg
Male
Microcirculation
Motor Activity
Reference Values
Time Factors
Triglycerides
Ultrasonography
Vasodilation