Faculty Collaboration Database

Applications of Extracellular RNAs in Oncology. Mol Diagn Ther 2017 Feb;21(1):1-11

Date

10/01/2016

Pubmed ID

27688207

DOI

10.1007/s40291-016-0239-7

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84989170631 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   2 Citations

Abstract

Extracellular RNAs consist of coding and non-coding transcripts released from all cell types, which are involved in multiple cellular processes, predominantly through regulation of gene expression. Recent advances have helped us better understand the functions of these molecules, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs). Numerous pre-clinical and human studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are dysregulated in cancer and contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis. miRNA profiling has extensively been evaluated as a non-invasive method for cancer diagnosis, prognostication, and assessment of response to cancer therapies. Broader applications for miRNAs in these settings are currently under active development. Investigators have also moved miRNAs into the realm of cancer therapy. miRNA antagonists targeting miRNAs that silence tumor suppressor genes have shown promising pre-clinical activity. Alternatively, miRNA mimics that silence oncogenes are also under active investigation. These miRNA-based cancer therapies are in early development, but represent novel strategies for clinical management of human cancer.

Author List

Thompson JR, Zhu J, Kilari D, Wang L

Authors

Deepak Kilari MD Associate Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Jonathan R. Thompson MD Assistant Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Biomarkers, Tumor
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Gene Silencing
Humans
MicroRNAs
Neoplasms
Oncogenes
Prognosis