Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of cisatracurium in geriatric surgical patients. Anesthesiology 1996 Mar;84(3):520-5
Date
03/01/1996Pubmed ID
8659778DOI
10.1097/00000542-199603000-00005Scopus ID
2-s2.0-0029975858 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 84 CitationsAbstract
BACKGROUND: Cisatracurium, one of ten stereoisomers that comprise atracurium, is more potent than atracurium and has less propensity to release histamine. This study compares the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium in elderly and young patients.
METHODS: Twelve elderly (aged 65-82 yr) and 12 younger patients (aged 30-49 yr) were anesthetized with nitrous oxide, fentanyl, and isoflurane (0.7%, end-tidal). The mechanomyographic response to train-of-four stimulation was assessed every 15 s after the administration of cisatracurium (0.1 mg/kg). Arterial samples were obtained over 6 h. Plasma cisatracurium concentration versus time data were fit to compartmental models. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined assuming that elimination occurred from the central compartment only. This provides accurate clearance and half-life estimates but underestimates V(ss) (reported herein as V(ss). The pharmacodynamic response was described by the neuromuscular blocking profile.
RESULTS: Onset to 90% paralysis (mean +/- SD) was delayed in the elderly (3.4 +/- 1.0 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.6 min). Recovery profiles were the same for both groups. Elimination half-life was minimally prolonged in the elderly (25.5 +/- 3.7 vs. 21.5 +/- 2.4 min). The Vss was larger in the elderly (126 +/- 16 vs. 108 +/- 13 ml/kg), although the clearances were the same for the two groups (5.0 +/- 0.9 vs. 4.6 +/- 0.8 ml.kg(-1).min(-1).
CONCLUSIONS: There are minor differences in the pharmacokinetics of cisatracurium between elderly and young patients. These differences are not associated with changes in recovery profile after a single bolus dose, although the mean time to onset was approximately 1 min longer in elderly patients.
Author List
Ornstein E, Lien CA, Matteo RS, Ostapkovich ND, Diaz J, Wolf KBAuthor
Cynthia A. Lien MD Chair, Professor in the Anesthesiology department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdultAge Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Atracurium
Humans
Middle Aged
Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents
Stereoisomerism