Behavioral Changes in Children After Emergency Department Procedural Sedation. Acad Emerg Med 2018 Mar;25(3):267-274
Date
10/11/2017Pubmed ID
28992364Pubmed Central ID
PMC5842101DOI
10.1111/acem.13332Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85042921970 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 8 CitationsAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of children undergoing procedural sedation for fracture reduction in the emergency department (ED) observed to experience negative postdischarge behaviors. Predictors of negative behaviors were evaluated, including anxiety.
METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of children receiving intravenous ketamine sedation for ED fracture reduction. The child's anxiety prior to sedation was measured with the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale. Negative behavioral changes were measured with the Post-Hospitalization Behavior Questionnaire 1 to 2 weeks after discharge. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Chi-square test was used for comparisons between groups. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated predictors of negative behavioral change after discharge.
RESULTS: Ninety-seven patients were enrolled; 82 (85%) completed follow-up. Overall, 33 (40%) children were observed to be highly anxious presedation and 18 (22%) had significant negative behavior changes after ED discharge. Independent predictors for negative behaviors were high anxiety (OR = 9.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.3-35.7) and nonwhite race (OR = 6.5, 95% CI = 1.7-25.0).
CONCLUSION: For children undergoing procedural sedation in the ED, two in five children have high preprocedure anxiety and almost one in four have significant negative behaviors 1 to 2 weeks after discharge. Highly anxious and nonwhite children have increased risk of negative behavioral changes that have not been previously recognized in the ED setting.
Author List
Pearce JI, Brousseau DC, Yan K, Hainsworth KR, Hoffmann RG, Drendel ALAuthors
Amy L. Drendel DO Interim Chief, Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of WisconsinKeri Hainsworth PhD Director, Associate Professor in the Anesthesiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Jean Pearce MD Assistant Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Ke Yan PhD Associate Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Anesthetics, DissociativeAnxiety
Chi-Square Distribution
Child
Child Behavior
Child, Preschool
Conscious Sedation
Emergency Service, Hospital
Female
Fracture Fixation
Humans
Ketamine
Logistic Models
Male
Prospective Studies
Surveys and Questionnaires
