Comparison of pediatric allogeneic transplant outcomes using myeloablative busulfan with cyclophosphamide or fludarabine. Blood Adv 2018 Jun 12;2(11):1198-1206
Date
05/31/2018Pubmed ID
29844205Pubmed Central ID
PMC5998928DOI
10.1182/bloodadvances.2018016956Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85060322942 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 19 CitationsAbstract
Busulfan combined with cyclophosphamide (BuCy) has long been considered a standard myeloablative conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), including both nonmalignant conditions and myeloid diseases. Substituting fludarabine for cyclophosphamide (BuFlu) to reduce toxicity without an increase in relapse has been increasingly performed in children, but without comparison with BuCy. We retrospectively analyzed 1781 children transplanted from 2008 to 2014 to compare the effectiveness of BuCy with BuFlu. Nonmalignant and malignant disease populations were analyzed separately. Overall mortality was comparable for children with nonmalignant conditions who received BuFlu or BuCy (relative risk [RR], 1.14, P = .52). Lower incidences of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (P = .04), hemorrhagic cystitis (P = .04), and chronic graft-versus-host disease (P = .02) were observed after BuFlu, but the influence of the conditioning regimen could not be assessed by multivariate analysis because of the low frequency of these complications. Children transplanted for malignancies were more likely to receive BuFlu if they had higher hematopoietic cell transplantation-comorbidity index scores (P < .001) or their donor was unrelated and HLA-mismatched (P = .004). Nevertheless, there were no differences in transplant toxicities and comparable transplant-related mortality (RR, 1.2; P = .46), relapse (RR, 1.2; P = .15), and treatment failure (RR, 1.2; P = .12). BuFlu was associated with higher overall mortality (RR, 1.4; P = .008) related to inferior postrelapse survival (P = .001). Our findings demonstrated that outcomes after BuFlu are similar to those for BuCy for children, but for unclear reasons, those receiving BuFlu for malignancy may be at risk for shorter postrelapse survival.
Author List
Harris AC, Boelens JJ, Ahn KW, Fei M, Abraham A, Artz A, Dvorak C, Frangoul H, Freytes C, Gale RP, Hong S, Lazarus HM, Loren A, Mineishi S, Nishihori T, O'Brien T, Williams K, Pasquini MC, Levine JEAuthors
Kwang Woo Ahn PhD Professor in the Institute for Health and Equity department at Medical College of WisconsinMarcelo C. Pasquini MD, MS Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdolescentAdult
Allografts
Busulfan
Child
Child, Preschool
Cyclophosphamide
Disease-Free Survival
Female
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Humans
Infant
Male
Myeloablative Agonists
Retrospective Studies
Survival Rate
Transplantation Conditioning
Vidarabine
