Vibration causes acute vascular injury in a two-step process: vasoconstriction and vacuole disruption. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2008 Aug;291(8):999-1006
Date
05/22/2008Pubmed ID
18493932DOI
10.1002/ar.20718Scopus ID
2-s2.0-52049106671 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 14 CitationsAbstract
Hand-arm vibration syndrome is a vasospastic and neurodegenerative occupational disease. In the current study, the mechanism of vibration-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) injury was examined in a rat-tail vibration model. Tails of male Sprague Dawley rats were vibrated continuously for 4 hr at 60 Hz, 49 m/s(2) with or without general anesthesia. Ventral tail arteries were aldehyde fixed and embedded in epoxy resin to enable morphological analysis. Vibration without anesthesia caused vasoconstriction and vacuoles in the SMC. Anesthetizing rats during vibration prevented vasoconstriction and vacuole formation. Exposing tail arteries in situ to 1 mM norepinephrine (NE) for 15 min induced the greatest vasoconstriction and vacuolation. NE induced vacuoles were twice as large as those formed during vibration. When vibrated 4 hr under anesthesia after pretreatment with NE for 15 min, the SMC lacked vacuoles and exhibited a longitudinal banding pattern of dark and light staining. The extracellular matrix was filled with particulates, which were confirmed by electron microscopy to be cellular debris. The present findings demonstrate that vibration-induced vasoconstriction (SMC contraction) requires functioning central nervous system reflexes, and the physical stress of vibration damages the contracted SMC by dislodging and fragmenting SMC vacuoles.
Author List
Govindaraju SR, Bain JL, Eddinger TJ, Riley DAAuthor
Thomas Eddinger PhD Bioological Sciences in the Biology department at Marquette UniversityMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsArm
Arteries
Hand
Humans
Male
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular
Occupational Diseases
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Tail
Vacuoles
Vasoconstriction
Vibration
