The zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture - an anthropometric appraisal of surgical outcomes. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013 Jun;41(4):331-7
Date
12/12/2012Pubmed ID
23218980DOI
10.1016/j.jcms.2012.10.016Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84876683369 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 17 CitationsAbstract
Before undergoing repair of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures, most patients are worried about their postoperative appearance. Furthermore, there is an ongoing discussion about the selection of the surgical approach to the inferior orbita and resulting eyelid deformities. We present a photo-assisted postoperative evaluation of zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture repair based on reference anthropometric data. Two hundred and twenty-one patients underwent zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture repair. An analysis of standardized postoperative photographs included measurements of eye fissure width and height, lid sulcus height, upper lid height, upper and lower coverage, position of cornea to palpebra inferior, canthal tilt, scleral show, ectropion and entropion. It was clearly distinguished between operated and contralateral eyelid, and whether a transconjunctival or a subciliary approach was performed. Surgery per se significantly influenced eyelid deformities as measured by its impact on eye fissure index, lower iris coverage and rate of scleral show and ectropion. The surgical approach selected significantly affected eye fissure index, lower iris coverage and rate of scleral show, indicating distortion of the lower eyelid. Investigations regarding orbital fractures should clearly differentiate the type of fracture. The subciliary approach included the highest risk of postoperative lower eyelid deformity in zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture repair. The standardized measurements described here are accurate and objective to evaluate postoperative results.
Author List
Raschke GF, Rieger UM, Bader RD, Schaefer O, Guentsch A, Hagemeister C, Schultze-Mosgau SAuthor
Arndt Geuntsch in the CTSI department at Medical College of Wisconsin - CTSIMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdultAnatomic Landmarks
Cephalometry
Conjunctiva
Cornea
Ectropion
Entropion
Esthetics
Eyelid Diseases
Eyelids
Female
Humans
Iris
Male
Maxillary Fractures
Orbit
Orbital Fractures
Photography
Postoperative Complications
Sclera
Treatment Outcome
Young Adult
Zygomatic Fractures
