Faculty Collaboration Database

Neural networks supporting audiovisual integration for speech: A large-scale lesion study. Cortex 2018 Jun;103:360-371

Date

05/01/2018

Pubmed ID

29705718

Pubmed Central ID

PMC6223621

DOI

10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.030

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85046169918 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   28 Citations

Abstract

Auditory and visual speech information are often strongly integrated resulting in perceptual enhancements for audiovisual (AV) speech over audio alone and sometimes yielding compelling illusory fusion percepts when AV cues are mismatched, the McGurk-MacDonald effect. Previous research has identified three candidate regions thought to be critical for AV speech integration: the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS), early auditory cortex, and the posterior inferior frontal gyrus. We assess the causal involvement of these regions (and others) in the first large-scale (N = 100) lesion-based study of AV speech integration. Two primary findings emerged. First, behavioral performance and lesion maps for AV enhancement and illusory fusion measures indicate that classic metrics of AV speech integration are not necessarily measuring the same process. Second, lesions involving superior temporal auditory, lateral occipital visual, and multisensory zones in the STS are the most disruptive to AV speech integration. Further, when AV speech integration fails, the nature of the failure-auditory vs visual capture-can be predicted from the location of the lesions. These findings show that AV speech processing is supported by unimodal auditory and visual cortices as well as multimodal regions such as the STS at their boundary. Motor related frontal regions do not appear to play a role in AV speech integration.

Author List

Hickok G, Rogalsky C, Matchin W, Basilakos A, Cai J, Pillay S, Ferrill M, Mickelsen S, Anderson SW, Love T, Binder J, Fridriksson J

Authors

Jeffrey R. Binder MD Professor in the Neurology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Sara B. Pillay PhD Assistant Professor in the Neurology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Auditory Perception
Brain
Cues
Female
Functional Laterality
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Nerve Net
Neuroimaging
Speech
Speech Perception
Stroke
Visual Perception