Faculty Collaboration Database

Cranberry proanthocyanidins inhibit esophageal adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo through pleiotropic cell death induction and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inactivation. Oncotarget 2015 Oct 20;6(32):33438-55

Date

09/18/2015

Pubmed ID

26378019

Pubmed Central ID

PMC4741777

DOI

10.18632/oncotarget.5586

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84946029088 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   52 Citations

Abstract

Cranberries are rich in bioactive constituents known to improve urinary tract health and more recent evidence supports cranberries possess cancer inhibitory properties. However, mechanisms of cancer inhibition by cranberries remain to be elucidated, particularly in vivo. Properties of a purified cranberry-derived proanthocyanidin extract (C-PAC) were investigated utilizing acid-sensitive and acid-resistant human esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) cell lines and esophageal tumor xenografts in athymic NU/NU mice. C-PAC induced caspase-independent cell death mainly via autophagy and low levels of apoptosis in acid-sensitive JHAD1 and OE33 cells, but resulted in cellular necrosis in acid-resistant OE19 cells. Similarly, C-PAC induced necrosis in JHAD1 cells pushed to acid-resistance via repeated exposures to an acidified bile cocktail. C-PAC associated cell death involved PI3K/AKT/mTOR inactivation, pro-apoptotic protein induction (BAX, BAK1, deamidated BCL-xL, Cytochrome C, PARP), modulation of MAPKs (P-P38/P-JNK) and G2-M cell cycle arrest in vitro. Importantly, oral delivery of C-PAC significantly inhibited OE19 tumor xenograft growth via modulation of AKT/mTOR/MAPK signaling and induction of the autophagic form of LC3B supporting in vivo efficacy against EAC for the first time. C-PAC is a potent inducer of EAC cell death and is efficacious in vivo at non-toxic behaviorally achievable concentrations, holding promise for preventive or therapeutic interventions in cohorts at increased risk for EAC, a rapidly rising and extremely deadly malignancy.

Author List

Kresty LA, Weh KM, Zeyzus-Johns B, Perez LN, Howell AB

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adenocarcinoma
Animals
Apoptosis
Cell Death
Cell Line, Tumor
Enzyme Inhibitors
Esophageal Neoplasms
Humans
Male
Mice
Mice, Nude
Oncogene Protein v-akt
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
Plant Extracts
Proanthocyanidins
Signal Transduction
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays