Faculty Collaboration Database

Sleeve gastrectomy prevents hypertension associated with unique shifts in the gut microbiome. Surg Endosc 2021 Oct;35(10):5461-5467

Date

09/30/2020

Pubmed ID

32989546

Pubmed Central ID

PMC8004532

DOI

10.1007/s00464-020-08036-y

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85091609559 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   3 Citations

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Bariatric surgery results in resolution of hypertension in over 50% of patients. While weight loss is a critical component to hypertension resolution after bariatric surgery, there may also be weight loss-independent mechanisms.

OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that sleeve gastrectomy (SG) initiates changes in the gut microbiome which reduce postoperative blood pressure.

METHODS: Male, obese Zucker rats underwent SG, pair-fed sham, or ad-lib-fed sham surgery. Blood pressure measurements were performed 1 week pre-operatively, and at 2 and 6 weeks post-operatively. The stool microbiome composition was determined by 16S rDNA gene at 6 weeks post-operatively. Regression Random Forest modeling was performed to determine an association of the microbial composition with blood pressure.

RESULTS: SG and pair-fed rats weighed significantly less than ad-lib-fed sham rats throughout the post-surgical period. At 6 weeks after surgery, SG rats had a significantly lower systolic blood pressure (149.2 ± 1.99 mmHg) than pair-fed (164.7 ± 7.87, p < 0.001) or ad-lib-fed sham rats (167.1 ± 2.41 mmHg, p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in multiple measures of beta diversity between SG rats and pair-fed and ad-lib-fed sham rats. 45.11% of the difference in blood pressure variability between samples was explained with the regression Random Forest model.

CONCLUSION: SG in a rat model prevented hypertension progression independent of weight loss with changes in beta diversity and gut bacterial composition associated with the blood pressure outcome. These findings further support the metabolic efficacy of SG in treating hyperglycemia, cardiac dysfunction, and now hypertension, independent of obesity class.

Author List

Barron M, Atkinson SN, Kirby J, Kindel T

Authors

Samantha N. Atkinson PhD Bioinformatics Analyst III in the Microbiology and Immunology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Matthew R. Barron PhD Research Scientist I in the Surgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Tammy Lyn Kindel MD, PhD Associate Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin
John Kirby PhD Chair, Center Associate Director, Professor in the Microbiology and Immunology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Animals
Gastrectomy
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Humans
Hypertension
Male
Rats
Rats, Zucker
Weight Loss