The presentation, etiologies, pathophysiology, and treatment of pulmonary renal syndrome: A review of the literature. Dis Mon 2022 Dec;68(12):101465
Date
08/26/2022Pubmed ID
36008166DOI
10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101465Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85136296380 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)Abstract
Pulmonary renal syndrome (PRS) is a constellation of different disorders that cause both rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. While antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis and anti-glomerular basement membrane disease are the predominant causes of PRS, numerous other mechanisms have been shown to cause this syndrome, including thrombotic microangiopathies, drug exposures, and infections, among others. This syndrome has high morbidity and mortality, and early diagnosis and treatment is imperative to improve outcomes. Treatment generally involves glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents, but treatment targeted to the underlying disorder can improve outcomes and mitigate side effects. Familiarity with the wide range of possible causes of PRS can aid the clinician in workup, diagnosis and early initiation of treatment. This review provides a summary of the clinical presentation, etiologies, pathophysiology, and treatment of PRS.
Author List
Martin K, Deleveaux S, Cunningham M, Ramaswamy K, Thomas B, Lerma E, Madariaga HAuthor
Beje Thomas MD Associate Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane DiseaseAntibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic
Glomerulonephritis
Hemorrhage
Humans
Immunosuppressive Agents
Lung Diseases
