Faculty Collaboration Database

Cytokine and chemokine expression associated with steatohepatitis and hepatocyte proliferation in rats fed ethanol via total enteral nutrition. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2008 Mar;233(3):344-55

Date

02/26/2008

Pubmed ID

18296740

DOI

10.3181/0707-RM-203

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-40149085591 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   52 Citations

Abstract

To determine the temporal relationship between alcohol-induced changes in cytokines and chemokines, development of liver pathology and stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation, male Sprague-Dawley rats were intragastrically fed low carbohydrate-containing ethanol (EtOH) diets via total enteral nutrition (TEN) for up to 49 d. Induction of EtOH metabolism and appearance of steatosis preceded development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. A transitory peak of tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) and interferon gamma (IFN gamma) was observed at 14 d followed by reduced expression of TNFalpha, IFN gamma and another Th1 cytokine IL-12 accompanied by reduced expression of the Th1 regulators T-bet and STAT4. After 35-49 d of EtOH, at a time when hepatocyte proliferation was stimulated, IL-12 returned to control values and a second peak of TNFalpha occurred. The Th2 cytokine IL-4 remained suppressed throughout the study and was accompanied by reductions in the Th2 regulator GATA3. There was no temporal effect of EtOH on expression of IL-6 or TGFbeta. IL-5 and IL-13 mRNA were undetectable. Chemokine CXCL-2 expression increased progressively up to 35 d and preceded the appearance of inflammatory infiltrates. These data suggest that steatosis, increased ethanol metabolism, a transient induction of the innate immune response and suppression of Th2 responses were acute consequences of ethanol treatment and were followed by suppression of Th1 responses. However, the majority of necrosis, apoptosis and a late peak of TNFalpha only occurred after 6-7 weeks of ethanol, coincided with the appearance of inflammatory infiltrates and were associated with stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation.

Author List

Ronis MJ, Butura A, Korourian S, Shankar K, Simpson P, Badeaux J, Albano E, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Badger TM

Author

Pippa M. Simpson PhD Adjunct Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Alcohol Dehydrogenase
Animals
Cell Proliferation
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1
Cytokines
Disease Models, Animal
Enteral Nutrition
Ethanol
Gene Expression Regulation
Hepatitis
Hepatocytes
Male
Oxidative Stress
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley