Faculty Collaboration Database

Preoperative evaluation of infants with focal or diffuse congenital hyperinsulinism by intravenous acute insulin response tests and selective pancreatic arterial calcium stimulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004 Jan;89(1):288-96

Date

01/13/2004

Pubmed ID

14715863

DOI

10.1210/jc.2003-030965

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-10744221944 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   107 Citations

Abstract

Infants with congenital hyperinsulinism often require pancreatectomy. Recessive mutations of the ATP-dependent plasma membrane potassium channel (K(ATP)) genes, SUR1 and K(ir)6.2, cause diffuse hyperinsulinism. K(ATP) channel mutations can also cause focal disease through loss of heterozygosity for maternal 11p, resulting in expression of a paternal mutation. This study evaluated whether focal vs. diffuse hyperinsulinism could be diagnosed by acute insulin response (AIR) tests and whether arterial calcium stimulation/venous sampling (ASVS) could localize focal lesions. Fifty infants with diazoxide-unresponsive hyperinsulinism were studied. Focal lesions occurred in 70% of the cases. Positive AIR calcium occurred in 17 of 30 focal and 10 of 13 diffuse cases (P < 0.04). Positive AIR tolbutamide occurred in 27 of 30 focal vs. seven of 13 diffuse cases (P < 0.02); K(ATP) channel mutations were identified in four of the latter. ASVS localized the lesion in 24 of 33 focal cases (73%) but correctly diagnosed diffuse disease in only four of 13 cases. These results indicate that preoperative AIR tests do not distinguish focal vs. diffuse disease because some K(ATP) channel mutations retain responsiveness to tolbutamide. The ASVS test can be used to localize focal lesions in infants. The combination of ASVS, careful intraoperative histologic analysis, and surgical expertise succeeded in correcting hypoglycemia in 86% of the infants with focal hyperinsulinism.

Author List

Stanley CA, Thornton PS, Ganguly A, MacMullen C, Underwood P, Bhatia P, Steinkrauss L, Wanner L, Kaye R, Ruchelli E, Suchi M, Adzick NS

Author

Mariko Suchi MD, PhD Associate Professor in the Pathology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
Arteries
Calcium
Congenital Hyperinsulinism
DNA Mutational Analysis
Female
Glucose
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Insulin
Male
Mutation
Pancreas
Potassium Channels
Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying
Preoperative Care
Receptors, Drug
Sulfonylurea Receptors
Tolbutamide