Metabolism of extracellular pyrophosphate. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2003 May;15(3):311-4
Date
04/23/2003Pubmed ID
12707586DOI
10.1097/00002281-200305000-00020Scopus ID
2-s2.0-0038746715 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 24 CitationsAbstract
Accumulation of excess inorganic pyrophosphate in cartilage matrix leads to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposits. Recent animal and human studies now support a role for physiologic extracellular pyrophosphate levels in preventing ectopic apatite calcification in joints and extracellular tissues. Extracellular pyrophosphate is likely generated by ectoenzymes and/or is a consequence of transport of intracellular pyrophosphate to the extracellular space. Generation of pyrophosphate by chondrocytes is modulated by aging, several soluble growth factors and cytokines, and transglutaminase. The transduction mechanisms involved in regulating pyrophosphate metabolism include protein kinase C and adenylyl cyclase. It appears that regulation of extracellular pyrophosphate levels within a narrow range is complex and necessary for appropriate mineral homeostasis in articular and nonarticular tissues.
Author List
Ryan LM, Rosenthal AKAuthor
Ann K. Rosenthal MD Associate Dean, Chief, Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsCalcinosis
Calcium Pyrophosphate
Cartilage, Articular
Chondrocalcinosis
Chondrocytes
Extracellular Space
Female
Homeostasis
Humans
Male
Risk Factors
Sensitivity and Specificity
