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Blood-based signatures in type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2016 Mar;59(3):414-25

Date

12/25/2015

Pubmed ID

26699650

Pubmed Central ID

PMC4744128

DOI

10.1007/s00125-015-3843-x

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84957427317 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   41 Citations

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. It develops through autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells and results in lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin. The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes involves a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors and has historically been attributed to aberrant adaptive immunity; however, there is increasing evidence for a role of innate inflammation. Over the past decade new methodologies for the analysis of nucleic acid and protein signals have been applied to type 1 diabetes. These studies are providing a new understanding of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis and have the potential to inform the development of new biomarkers for predicting diabetes onset and monitoring therapeutic interventions. In this review we will focus on blood-based signatures in type 1 diabetes, with special attention to both direct transcriptomic analyses of whole blood and immunocyte subsets, as well as plasma/serum-induced transcriptional signatures. Attention will also be given to proteomics, microRNA assays and markers of beta cell death. We will also discuss the results of blood-based profiling in type 1 diabetes within the context of the genetic and environmental factors implicated in the natural history of autoimmune diabetes.

Author List

Cabrera SM, Chen YG, Hagopian WA, Hessner MJ

Authors

Susanne M. Cabrera MD Associate Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Yi-Guang Chen PhD Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Martin J. Hessner PhD Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin




MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Biomarkers
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Humans
Immunity, Innate