Identification of a ubiquitin-binding interface using Rosetta and DEER. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Jan 16;115(3):525-530
Date
01/04/2018Pubmed ID
29295930Pubmed Central ID
PMC5776994DOI
10.1073/pnas.1716861115Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85042128224 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 23 CitationsAbstract
ExoU is a type III-secreted cytotoxin expressing A2 phospholipase activity when injected into eukaryotic target cells by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa The enzymatic activity of ExoU is undetectable in vitro unless ubiquitin, a required cofactor, is added to the reaction. The role of ubiquitin in facilitating ExoU enzymatic activity is poorly understood but of significance for designing inhibitors to prevent tissue injury during infections with strains of P. aeruginosa producing this toxin. Most ubiquitin-binding proteins, including ExoU, demonstrate a low (micromolar) affinity for monoubiquitin (monoUb). Additionally, ExoU is a large and dynamic protein, limiting the applicability of traditional structural techniques such as NMR and X-ray crystallography to define this protein-protein interaction. Recent advancements in computational methods, however, have allowed high-resolution protein modeling using sparse data. In this study, we combine double electron-electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy and Rosetta modeling to identify potential binding interfaces of ExoU and monoUb. The lowest-energy scoring model was tested using biochemical, biophysical, and biological techniques. To verify the binding interface, Rosetta was used to design a panel of mutations to modulate binding, including one variant with enhanced binding affinity. Our analyses show the utility of computational modeling when combined with sensitive biological assays and biophysical approaches that are exquisitely suited for large dynamic proteins.
Author List
Tessmer MH, Anderson DM, Pickrum AM, Riegert MO, Moretti R, Meiler J, Feix JB, Frank DWAuthors
Jimmy B. Feix PhD Professor in the Biophysics department at Medical College of WisconsinDara W. Frank PhD Professor in the Microbiology and Immunology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Bacterial ProteinsCrystallography, X-Ray
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
Models, Molecular
Protein Binding
Protein Domains
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ubiquitin