Female human iPSCs retain an inactive X chromosome. Cell Stem Cell 2010 Sep 03;7(3):329-42
Date
08/24/2010Pubmed ID
20727844Pubmed Central ID
PMC2935700DOI
10.1016/j.stem.2010.06.024Scopus ID
2-s2.0-77956222202 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 230 CitationsAbstract
Generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) requires massive epigenome reorganization. It is unclear whether reprogramming of female human cells reactivates the inactive X chromosome (Xi), as in mouse. Here we establish that human (h)iPSCs derived from several female fibroblasts under standard culture conditions carry an Xi. Despite the lack of reactivation, the Xi undergoes defined chromatin changes, and expansion of hiPSCs can lead to partial loss of XIST RNA. These results indicate that hiPSCs are epigenetically dynamic and do not display a pristine state of X inactivation with two active Xs as found in some female human embryonic stem cell lines. Furthermore, whereas fibroblasts are mosaic for the Xi, hiPSCs are clonal. This nonrandom pattern of X chromosome inactivation in female hiPSCs, which is maintained upon differentiation, has critical implications for clinical applications and disease modeling, and could be exploited for a unique form of gene therapy for X-linked diseases.
Author List
Tchieu J, Kuoy E, Chin MH, Trinh H, Patterson M, Sherman SP, Aimiuwu O, Lindgren A, Hakimian S, Zack JA, Clark AT, Pyle AD, Lowry WE, Plath KAuthor
Michaela Patterson PhD Associate Professor in the Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Cell Culture TechniquesCell Differentiation
Cellular Reprogramming
Epigenesis, Genetic
Female
Fibroblasts
Humans
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
X Chromosome Inactivation
