Nitric oxide in cellular adaptation and disease. Redox Biol 2020 Jul;34:101550
Date
05/22/2020Pubmed ID
32438317Pubmed Central ID
PMC7235643DOI
10.1016/j.redox.2020.101550Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85084644297 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 107 CitationsAbstract
Nitric oxide synthases are the major sources of nitric oxide, a critical signaling molecule involved in a wide range of cellular and physiological processes. These enzymes comprise a family of genes that are highly conserved across all eukaryotes. The three family members found in mammals are important for inter- and intra-cellular signaling in tissues that include the nervous system, the vasculature, the gut, skeletal muscle, and the immune system, among others. We summarize major advances in the understanding of biochemical and tissue-specific roles of nitric oxide synthases, with a focus on how these mechanisms enable tissue adaptation and health or dysfunction and disease. We highlight the unique mechanisms and processes of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, or NOS1. This was the first of these enzymes discovered in mammals, and yet much remains to be understood about this highly conserved and complex gene. We provide examples of two areas that will likely be of increasing importance in nitric oxide biology. These include the mechanisms by which these critical enzymes promote adaptation or disease by 1) coordinating communication by diverse cell types within a tissue and 2) directing cellular differentiation/activation decisions processes.
Author List
Gantner BN, LaFond KM, Bonini MGAuthor
Benjamin N. Gantner PhD Assistant Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsCardiovascular System
Muscle, Skeletal
Nitric Oxide
Nitric Oxide Synthase
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
Signal Transduction
