Faculty Collaboration Database

Survival of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy. Surgery 2016 Mar;159(3):893-900

Date

11/26/2015

Pubmed ID

26602840

DOI

10.1016/j.surg.2015.09.018

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84950987094 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   102 Citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Enthusiasm for neoadjuvant therapy is growing from the emerging consensus that pancreatic cancer is a systemic disease at the time of diagnosis. Those who remain in favor of upfront surgery often cite the lack of reported data to support alternative treatment sequencing. We therefore report the results of all patients treated outside of a clinical trial under the direction of a multidisciplinary pancreatic cancer working group.

METHODS: We reviewed all patients with resectable pancreatic cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy (NeoTx) from 2009 to 2013; we excluded those patients treated on prospective clinical trials as they will be the subject of subsequent reports. Data regarding demographics, NeoTx, operative outcomes, pathology, and survival data were abstracted from a prospective database.

RESULTS: NeoTx was initiated in 69 patients; median age was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 11) and median carbohydrate antigen 19-9 at diagnosis was 96.5 (IQR 210). NeoTx consisted of chemotherapy alone (n = 10, 14%), chemotherapy and radiation (chemoradiation, n = 53, 77%), or both (n = 6, 9%). Median carbohydrate antigen 19-9 after NeoTx was 39 (IQR 104) corresponding to a median decrease of 60%. Operative resection was completed in 60 (87%) of the 69 patients. At restaging after NeoTx, 5 (7%) of 69 patients were not considered candidates for surgery because of the development of metastatic disease (n = 4) or an inadequate performance status (n = 1). At the time of surgery, 4 (6%) of 64 patients had metastatic disease found at laparoscopy. Of the 60 patients who underwent surgical resection, a complete pathologic response was observed in 2 (3%) patients; 20 (33%) had positive lymph nodes, and the median number of positive lymph nodes was 2 (IQR 3). R0 resections were achieved in 58 (97%) of the 60 patients. Additional postoperative adjuvant therapy was administered to 37 (62%) of the 60 patients. Median survival of all 69 patients was 31.5 months; 44.9 months for the 60 patients who completed all NeoTx and resection compared with 8.1 months for the 9 patients who were not resected (log rank P < .001).

CONCLUSION: NeoTx for resectable pancreatic cancer was associated with a median overall survival of 32 months; something not reported for patients treated with surgery first if based on intent-to-treat analysis. Treatment sequencing may provide an oncologic benefit beyond that of the selection bias afforded surgery after a period of induction therapy.

Author List

Christians KK, Heimler JW, George B, Ritch PS, Erickson BA, Johnston F, Tolat PP, Foley WD, Evans DB, Tsai S

Authors

Kathleen K. Christians MD Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Beth A. Erickson MD Professor in the Radiation Oncology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Douglas B. Evans MD Chair, Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Ben George MD Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Parag P. Tolat MD Chief, Associate Professor in the Radiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Aged
Cause of Death
Chemoradiotherapy
Cohort Studies
Combined Modality Therapy
Disease-Free Survival
Female
Humans
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Male
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
Neoadjuvant Therapy
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Neoplasm Staging
Pancreatectomy
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Prognosis
Proportional Hazards Models
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Statistics, Nonparametric
Survival Analysis