Faculty Collaboration Database

Loss of Nuclear Localized Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein in Primary Breast Cancer Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome and Correlates with Suppressed Stat5 Signaling. Clin Cancer Res 2018 Dec 15;24(24):6355-6366

Date

08/12/2018

Pubmed ID

30097435

DOI

10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-3280

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85058487046 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   13 Citations

Abstract

PURPOSE: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is required for normal mammary gland development and biology. A PTHLH gene polymorphism is associated with breast cancer risk, and PTHrP promotes growth of osteolytic breast cancer bone metastases. Accordingly, current dogma holds that PTHrP is upregulated in malignant primary breast tumors, but solid evidence for this assumption is missing.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used quantitative IHC to measure PTHrP in normal and malignant breast epithelia, and correlated PTHrP levels in primary breast cancer with clinical outcome.

RESULTS: PTHrP levels were markedly downregulated in malignant compared with normal breast epithelia. Moreover, low levels of nuclear localized PTHrP in cancer cells correlated with unfavorable clinical outcome in a test and a validation cohort of breast cancer treated at different institutions totaling nearly 800 cases. PTHrP mRNA levels in tumors of a third cohort of 737 patients corroborated this association, also after multivariable adjustment for standard clinicopathologic parameters. Breast cancer PTHrP levels correlated strongly with transcription factors Stat5a/b, which are established markers of favorable prognosis and key mediators of prolactin signaling. Prolactin stimulated PTHrP transcript and protein in breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo, effects mediated by Stat5 through the P2 gene promoter, producing transcript AT6 encoding the PTHrP 1-173 isoform. Low levels of AT6, but not two alternative transcripts, correlated with poor clinical outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: This study overturns the prevailing view that PTHrP is upregulated in primary breast cancers and identifies a direct prolactin-Stat5-PTHrP axis that is progressively lost in more aggressive tumors.

Author List

Tran TH, Utama FE, Sato T, Peck AR, Langenheim JF, Udhane SS, Sun Y, Liu C, Girondo MA, Kovatich AJ, Hooke JA, Shriver CD, Hu H, Palazzo JP, Bibbo M, Auer PW, Flister MJ, Hyslop T, Mitchell EP, Chervoneva I, Rui H

Authors

Paul L. Auer PhD Professor in the Institute for Health and Equity department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Yunguang Sun MD, PhD Assistant Professor in the Pathology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Animals
Biomarkers
Breast Neoplasms
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Nucleus
Disease Models, Animal
Epithelium
Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Heterografts
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Mice
Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
Prognosis
Prolactin
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
STAT5 Transcription Factor
Signal Transduction
Tumor Suppressor Proteins